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Income

Income and Output

Workforce

Education

Income

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Virginia Localities Database

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Virginia Localities Database

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	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Gross Domestic Product, in billions (2021)	$492.63	(13)
Gross Domestic Product Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)	1.04%	(34)
Gross Domestic Product Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)	1.38%	(21)
Gross Domestic Product Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)	1.02%	(29)
Per Capita Personal Income (2023)	$72,855	(13)
Per Capita Personal Income Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	4.22%	(26)
Per Capita Personal Income Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	5.35%	(21)
Per Capita Personal Income Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	5.83%	(12)
Median Household Income (2023)	$96,490	(9)
Average Hourly Earnings of Production Workers in Manufacturing (2023)	$24.61	(19)

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Gross Domestic Product, in billions (2021)
Gross Domestic Product Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
Gross Domestic Product Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
Gross Domestic Product Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
Per Capita Personal Income (2023)
Per Capita Personal Income Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Per Capita Personal Income Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Per Capita Personal Income Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Median Household Income (2023)
Average Hourly Earnings of Production Workers in Manufacturing (2023)

	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Total Employment (2023)	4,351,001	(12)
Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	0.85%	(19)
Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	2.70%	(31)
Manufacturing Employment (2023)	206,609	(19)
Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	-0.10%	(24)
Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	1.43%	(41)
Logistics Employment (2023)	286,755	(14)
Logistics Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	2.31%	(17)
Logistics Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	2.80%	(32)
Office Employment (2023)	1,474,473	(10)
Office Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	1.35%	(17)
Office Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	2.30%	(33)
IT Employment (2023)	239,700	(5)
IT Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	2.18%	(27)
IT Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)	2.58%	(40)
Labor Force Participation Rate (2023)	66.4%	(10)
Total Civilian Labor Force (2023)	4,555,208	(12)
Total Number of Persons Employed (2023)	4,424,155	(12)
Total Number of Persons Unemployed (2023)	131,053	(14)
Unemployment Rate (2023)	2.9%	(11)
Right-to-Work Law (2025)	Yes
Workers Covered by Unions (2024)	5.8%	(10)
Union Membership (2024)	5.2%	(14)
Private Sector Union Membership (2024)	2.7%	(10)
Total Population (2024)	8,683,619	(12)
Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)	0.59%	(20)
Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)	0.51%	(26)
Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)	0.58%	(22)

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Total Employment (2023)
Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Manufacturing Employment (2023)
Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Logistics Employment (2023)
Logistics Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Logistics Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Office Employment (2023)
Office Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Office Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
IT Employment (2023)
IT Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
IT Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
Labor Force Participation Rate (2023)
Total Civilian Labor Force (2023)
Total Number of Persons Employed (2023)
Total Number of Persons Unemployed (2023)
Unemployment Rate (2023)
Right-to-Work Law (2025)
Workers Covered by Unions (2024)
Union Membership (2024)
Private Sector Union Membership (2024)
Total Population (2024)
Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)
Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)
Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)

	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
High School Diploma or More (2023)	91.4%	(26)
Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2023)	42.4%	(8)
Institutions of Higher Education (2023)	100	(11)
Enrollment in Higher Education Institutions (2022)	546,280	(10)
Science and Engineering Graduate Students (2022)	25,242	(10)
Science and Engineering Doctorate Recipients (2022)	1,676	(9)
SAT Score Averages (2023)	1113/569/544	(23)
ACT Score Averages (2023)	24.6/24.6/23.4/25.8/24.3	(9)
Percent of 11th and 12th Graders taking an AP course (2020)	40.9%	(11)
Average number of AP exams taken by each AP student (2020)	1.98	(1)
Expenditures per Pupil in Public Schools (2021)	$15,091	(29)
Pupil/Teacher Ratios (Fall Semester, 2022)	13.6	(18)

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High School Diploma or More (2023)
Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2023)
Institutions of Higher Education (2023)
Enrollment in Higher Education Institutions (2022)
Science and Engineering Graduate Students (2022)
Science and Engineering Doctorate Recipients (2022)
SAT Score Averages (2023)
ACT Score Averages (2023)
Percent of 11th and 12th Graders taking an AP course (2020)
Average number of AP exams taken by each AP student (2020)
Expenditures per Pupil in Public Schools (2021)
Pupil/Teacher Ratios (Fall Semester, 2022)

	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Average Annual Cost Paid by Employers for Health Premiums for Family Coverage (2024)	$18,676	(40)
Average Annual Cost of Employment-Based Health Premiums for Family Coverage (2024)	$25,523	(40)
Unemployment Insurance Tax Rates (2023)	0.10%	(1)
Unemployment Insurance Tax per Employee (2023)	$51	(3)
Taxable Wage Base for Unemployment Insurance (2023)	$8,000	(5)
Weekly Payment for Total Disability (2024)	$1,043	(34)
Workers' Compensation Employer Insurance Costs Per $100 of Payroll (2021)	$0.56	(3)
State and Local Taxes per Capita (2021)	$6,187	(31)
State and Local Taxes per $1000 Income (2021)	$93	(23)
State Level Sales Tax (2024)	5.30%	(20)
State and Average Local Sales Tax (2024)	5.77%	(10)
State Individual Income Tax (2024)	Yes
State Corporate Income Tax (Effective Tax Rate as a Percent of Net Income Before Federal Income Tax Payments) (2024)	6.00%	(23)
Average Industrial Electric Rate (Semester 2, 2024)	9.40	(32)
Average Price of Natural Gas Delivered to Industrial Consumers (2023)	7.53	(12)
Average Commercial Electric Rate (Semester 2, 2024)	8.54	(2)
Average Price of Natural Gas Delivered to Commercial Consumers (2023)	11.54	(27)
Cost of Living (2024)	102.50	(29)

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Average Annual Cost Paid by Employers for Health Premiums for Family Coverage (2024)
Average Annual Cost of Employment-Based Health Premiums for Family Coverage (2024)
Unemployment Insurance Tax Rates (2023)
Unemployment Insurance Tax per Employee (2023)
Taxable Wage Base for Unemployment Insurance (2023)
Weekly Payment for Total Disability (2024)
Workers' Compensation Employer Insurance Costs Per $100 of Payroll (2021)
State and Local Taxes per Capita (2021)
State and Local Taxes per $1000 Income (2021)
State Level Sales Tax (2024)
State and Average Local Sales Tax (2024)
State Individual Income Tax (2024)
State Corporate Income Tax (Effective Tax Rate as a Percent of Net Income Before Federal Income Tax Payments) (2024)
Average Industrial Electric Rate (Semester 2, 2024)
Average Price of Natural Gas Delivered to Industrial Consumers (2023)
Average Commercial Electric Rate (Semester 2, 2024)
Average Price of Natural Gas Delivered to Commercial Consumers (2023)
Cost of Living (2024)

	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
State and Local Long Term Debt per Capita (2019)	$7,690	(28)
Total State Debt per Capita (2019)	$3,352	(26)
General Obligation Bond Ratings (2024)	AAA/Aaa/AAA	(1)

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State and Local Long Term Debt per Capita (2019)
Total State Debt per Capita (2019)
General Obligation Bond Ratings (2024)

	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Federal Obligations for R&D (2022)	5.35%	(4)
SBIR Awards (2023)	314	(3)
Obligated Amount of SBIR Awards, in millions (2023)	$259.85	(3)
Venture Capital Deals (2020)	79	(13)
Value of Venture Capital Deals, in millions (2020)	$803.62	(17)
Median Broadband Speed (2023)	90.2	(10)
Percent Broadband Coverage (2023)	93.6%	(32)
Patents per Capita (2020)	9	(42)

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Federal Obligations for R&D (2022)
SBIR Awards (2023)
Obligated Amount of SBIR Awards, in millions (2023)
Venture Capital Deals (2020)
Value of Venture Capital Deals, in millions (2020)
Median Broadband Speed (2023)
Percent Broadband Coverage (2023)
Patents per Capita (2020)

	VIRGINIA	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Foreign Company Count (2021)	917	(18)
Foreign Company Employment (2021)	200,700	(15)
Foreign Direct Investment, in millions (2021)	$57,316	(17)

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Foreign Company Count (2021)
Foreign Company Employment (2021)
Foreign Direct Investment, in millions (2021)

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Nonwhite Population (2019)
Population (2021)
Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)

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Civilian Labor Force (2021)
Labor Force Participation Rate (2021)
Manufacturing Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment as a % of Total Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Military Employment (2020)
Number of Persons Employed (2021)
Number of Persons Unemployed (2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment as a % of Total Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Unemployment Rate (2021)

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Civilian Labor Force (2021)
Labor Force Participation Rate (2021)
Manufacturing Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment as a % of Total Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Military Employment (2020)
Number of Persons Employed (2021)
Number of Persons Unemployed (2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment as a % of Total Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (Third Quarter 2021)
Unemployment Rate (2021)

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Educational Attainment, Bachelor's Degree or more (2016-2020)
Educational Attainment, High School Diploma or more (2016-2020)
High School Graduates Continuing Education (Fiscal Year 2020)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Grade 8-12 (Fiscal Year 2020)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Kindergarten - Grade 7 (Fiscal Year 2020)
Total Per Pupil Expenditures for Operations (Fiscal Year 2020)

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Educational Attainment, Bachelor's Degree or more (2016-2020)
Educational Attainment, High School Diploma or more (2016-2020)
High School Graduates Continuing Education (Fiscal Year 2020)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Grade 8-12 (Fiscal Year 2020)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Kindergarten - Grade 7 (Fiscal Year 2020)
Total Per Pupil Expenditures for Operations (Fiscal Year 2020)

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Average Annual Salary (Third Quarter 2021)
Average Annual Salary in Manufacturing (Third Quarter 2021)
Average Annual Salary in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (Third Quarter 2021)
Median Household Income (2020)
Per Capita Income (2020)
Poverty Rate (2023)

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Average Annual Salary (Third Quarter 2021)
Average Annual Salary in Manufacturing (Third Quarter 2021)
Average Annual Salary in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (Third Quarter 2021)
Median Household Income (2020)
Per Capita Income (2020)
Poverty Rate (2023)

	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Gross Domestic Product, in millions (2022)
Gross Domestic Product Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Gross Domestic Product Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Gross Domestic Product Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)

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Gross Domestic Product, in millions (2022)
Gross Domestic Product Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Gross Domestic Product Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Gross Domestic Product Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Per Capita Personal Income Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)

	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
Population (2022)
Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Civilian Labor Force (2022)
Persons Employed (2022)
Persons Unemployed (2022)
Unemployment Rate (2022)
Total Employment (2022)
Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Total Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Manufacturing Employment (2022)
Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Manufacturing Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Logistics Employment (2022)
Logistics Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Logistics Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Logistics Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Office Employment (2022)
Office Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Office Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Office Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
IT Employment (2022)
IT Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
IT Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
IT Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Workers Covered by Unions (2023)
Union Membership (2023)
Private Sector Union Membership (2023)

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Population (2022)
Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Civilian Labor Force (2022)
Persons Employed (2022)
Persons Unemployed (2022)
Unemployment Rate (2022)
Total Employment (2022)
Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Total Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Manufacturing Employment (2022)
Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Manufacturing Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Logistics Employment (2022)
Logistics Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Logistics Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Logistics Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Office Employment (2022)
Office Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Office Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Office Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
IT Employment (2022)
IT Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
IT Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
IT Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
Workers Covered by Unions (2023)
Union Membership (2023)
Private Sector Union Membership (2023)

	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)	(Rank)
High School Diploma or Higher (2022)
Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2022)

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High School Diploma or Higher (2022)
Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2022)

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Nonwhite Population (2019)

Population (2021)

Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)

Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)

Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)