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      Income and Output

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Gross Domestic Product, in billions (2021)
      $492.63
      (13)
      Gross Domestic Product Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
      1.04%
      (34)
      Gross Domestic Product Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
      1.38%
      (21)
      Gross Domestic Product Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2021)
      1.02%
      (29)
      Per Capita Personal Income (2023)
      $72,855
      (13)
      Per Capita Personal Income Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      4.22%
      (26)
      Per Capita Personal Income Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      5.35%
      (21)
      Per Capita Personal Income Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      5.83%
      (12)
      Median Household Income (2023)
      $96,490
      (9)
      Average Hourly Earnings of Production Workers in Manufacturing (2023)
      $24.61
      (19)
       No selections available

      Workforce

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Total Employment (2023)
      4,351,001
      (12)
      Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      0.85%
      (19)
      Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      2.70%
      (31)
      Manufacturing Employment (2023)
      206,609
      (19)
      Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      -0.10%
      (24)
      Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      1.43%
      (41)
      Logistics Employment (2023)
      286,755
      (14)
      Logistics Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      2.31%
      (17)
      Logistics Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      2.80%
      (32)
      Office Employment (2023)
      1,474,473
      (10)
      Office Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      1.35%
      (17)
      Office Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      2.30%
      (33)
      IT Employment (2023)
      239,700
      (5)
      IT Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      2.18%
      (27)
      IT Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2023)
      2.58%
      (40)
      Labor Force Participation Rate (2023)
      66.4%
      (10)
      Total Civilian Labor Force (2023)
      4,555,208
      (12)
      Total Number of Persons Employed (2023)
      4,424,155
      (12)
      Total Number of Persons Unemployed (2023)
      131,053
      (14)
      Unemployment Rate (2023)
      2.9%
      (11)
      Right-to-Work Law (2025)
      Yes
      Workers Covered by Unions (2024)
      5.8%
      (10)
      Union Membership (2024)
      5.2%
      (14)
      Private Sector Union Membership (2024)
      2.7%
      (10)
      Total Population (2024)
      8,683,619
      (12)
      Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)
      0.59%
      (20)
      Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)
      0.51%
      (26)
      Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2024)
      0.58%
      (22)
       No selections available

      Education

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      High School Diploma or More (2023)
      91.4%
      (26)
      Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2023)
      42.4%
      (8)
      Institutions of Higher Education (2023)
      100
      (11)
      Enrollment in Higher Education Institutions (2022)
      546,280
      (10)
      Science and Engineering Graduate Students (2022)
      25,242
      (10)
      Science and Engineering Doctorate Recipients (2022)
      1,676
      (9)
      SAT Score Averages (2023)
      1113/569/544
      (23)
      ACT Score Averages (2023)
      24.6/24.6/23.4/25.8/24.3
      (9)
      Percent of 11th and 12th Graders taking an AP course (2020)
      40.9%
      (11)
      Average number of AP exams taken by each AP student (2020)
      1.98
      (1)
      Expenditures per Pupil in Public Schools (2021)
      $15,091
      (29)
      Pupil/Teacher Ratios (Fall Semester, 2022)
      13.6
      (18)
       No selections available

      Cost of Doing Business

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Average Annual Cost Paid by Employers for Health Premiums for Family Coverage (2023)
      $24,251
      (36)
      Average Annual Cost of Employment-Based Health Premiums for Family Coverage (2023)
      $32,121
      (44)
      Unemployment Insurance Tax Rates (2023)
      0.10%
      (1)
      Unemployment Insurance Tax per Employee (2023)
      $51
      (3)
      Taxable Wage Base for Unemployment Insurance (2023)
      $8,000
      (5)
      Weekly Payment for Total Disability (2024)
      $1,043
      (34)
      Workers' Compensation Employer Insurance Costs Per $100 of Payroll (2021)
      $0.56
      (3)
      State and Local Taxes per Capita (2021)
      $6,187
      (31)
      State and Local Taxes per $1000 Income (2021)
      $93
      (23)
      State Level Sales Tax (2024)
      5.30%
      (20)
      State and Average Local Sales Tax (2024)
      5.77%
      (10)
      State Individual Income Tax (2024)
      Yes
      State Corporate Income Tax (Effective Tax Rate as a Percent of Net Income Before Federal Income Tax Payments) (2024)
      6.00%
      (23)
      Average Industrial Electric Rate (Semester 2, 2024)
      9.40
      (32)
      Average Price of Natural Gas Delivered to Industrial Consumers (2023)
      7.53
      (12)
      Average Commercial Electric Rate (Semester 2, 2024)
      8.54
      (2)
      Average Price of Natural Gas Delivered to Commercial Consumers (2023)
      11.54
      (27)
      Cost of Living (2024)
      102.50
      (29)
       No selections available

      Fiscal Strength

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      State and Local Long Term Debt per Capita (2019)
      $7,690
      (28)
      Total State Debt per Capita (2019)
      $3,352
      (26)
      General Obligation Bond Ratings (2023)
      AAA/Aaa/AAA
      (1)
       No selections available

      Entrepreneurship and Innovation

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Federal Obligations for R&D (2022)
      5.35%
      (4)
      SBIR Awards (2023)
      314
      (3)
      Obligated Amount of SBIR Awards, in millions (2023)
      $259.85
      (3)
      Venture Capital Deals (2020)
      79
      (13)
      Value of Venture Capital Deals, in millions (2020)
      $803.62
      (17)
      Median Broadband Speed (2023)
      90.2
      (10)
      Percent Broadband Coverage (2023)
      93.6%
      (32)
      Patents per Capita (2020)
      9
      (42)
       No selections available

      Foreign Direct Investment

      VIRGINIA
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Foreign Company Count (2021)
      917
      (18)
      Foreign Company Employment (2021)
      200,700
      (15)
      Foreign Direct Investment, in millions (2021)
      $57,316
      (17)
       No selections available

      Income and Output

      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Gross Domestic Product, in millions (2022)
      Gross Domestic Product Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Gross Domestic Product Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Gross Domestic Product Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Per Capita Personal Income (2022)
      Per Capita Personal Income Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Per Capita Personal Income Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Per Capita Personal Income Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
       No selections available

      Workforce

      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Population (2022)
      Population Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Population Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Population Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Civilian Labor Force (2022)
      Persons Employed (2022)
      Persons Unemployed (2022)
      Unemployment Rate (2022)
      Total Employment (2022)
      Total Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Total Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Total Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Manufacturing Employment (2022)
      Manufacturing Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Manufacturing Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Manufacturing Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Logistics Employment (2022)
      Logistics Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Logistics Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Logistics Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Office Employment (2022)
      Office Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Office Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Office Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      IT Employment (2022)
      IT Employment Three-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      IT Employment Five-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      IT Employment Ten-Year Average Annual Growth (2022)
      Workers Covered by Unions (2023)
      Union Membership (2023)
      Private Sector Union Membership (2023)
       No selections available

      Education

      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      High School Diploma or Higher (2022)
      Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2022)
       No selections available

      Cost of Doing Business

      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      (Rank)
      Human Resources Specialists (2022)
      Software Developers, Applications (2022)
      Network and Computer Systems Administrators (2022)
      Electrical Engineers (2022)
      Mechanical Engineers (2022)
      First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers (2022)
      Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (2022)
      Customer Service Representatives (2022)
      Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive (2022)
      Industrial Machinery Mechanics (2022)
      First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers (2022)
      Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other, Including Team Assemblers (2022)
      Machinists (2022)
      Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers (2022)
      Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators (2022)
      Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (2022)
      Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders (2022)
      First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers (2022)
      Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand (2022)
      Packers and Packagers, Hand (2022)
       No selections available
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      Labor force, employment, unemployment, and cost of doing business statistics for MSAs in CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, and VT based on NECTA
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